IMPORTANT: when inserting an Expression in an object, you will need to assign one of the Tags managed in the expression as the object's contextual Tag.

The inverse expression is valued only when the direct Expression has been inserted.  Otherwise the Inverse Expression will be ignored.

Warning! A localization problem in converting double values currently exists. To remedy this problem for the time being you will need to set the English language in your local workstation in order to test expressions.

Attention! The expression manager does not recognize variable names as "Case Sensitive".  Therefore, the expression might not be valued correctly if more than one variable has the same name which is distinguished by uppercase or lowercase letters (e.g.  "TankLevel" and "tanklevel").

Warning! If a decimal value is inserted in the expression (eg 1.3

etc.) it will be necessary to use the dot (".") as decimal separator, independently

from the Windows settings (eg: = [x] + [TagName2] + 1.3).

Function

Syntax

Description

ABS

ABS(number)

Returns the absolute value of a number. The absolute value of a non-negative number is the number itself. The absolute value of a negative number is -1 times the number.

ACCRINT

ACCRINT(issue, first_interest, settlement, rate, par, frequency, [basis], [calc_method])

Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest on a periodic basis.

ACOS

ACOS(number)

Returns the inverse cosine of a number. Inverse cosine is also referred to as arccosine. The arccosine is the angle whose cosine is the given number. The returned angle is given in radians in the range of 0 to pi.

ACOSH

ACOSH(number)

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number. The number must be greater than or equal to 1. The inverse hyperbolic cosine is the value whose hyperbolic cosine is the given number.

ACOT

ACOT(number)

Retrieves the principal value of the inverse trigonometric cotangent of a number.

ACOTH

ACOTH(number)

Retrieves the inverse hyperbolic cotangent of a number.

ACSCH

ACSCH(number)

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosecant

AND

AND(logical1, logical2, ...)

Returns True if all the arguments have a logical value of True and returns False if at least one argument is False.

ARABIC

ARABIC( romannumeral )

A Roman numeral is converted into an Arabic numeral.

ASC

ASC(text)

The ASC function used to convert full-width (double-byte) characters to half-width (single-byte) characters.

ASECH

Y = ASECH(X)

Inverse hyperbolic secant

ASIN

ASIN(number)

Returns the inverse sine of a number. Inverse sine is also referred to as arcsine. The arcsine is the angle whose sine is the given number. The returned angle is given in radians in the range from -pi/2 to +pi/2.

ASINH

ASINH(number)

Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number. The inverse hyperbolic sine is the value whose hyperbolic sine is the given number, so ASINH(SINH(number)) equals number.

ATAN

ATAN(number)

Returns the inverse tangent of a number. Inverse tangent is also known as arctangent. The arctangent is the angle whose tangent is a number. The returned angle is given in radians in the range from -pi/2 to +pi/2.

ATAN2

ATAN2(x_num,y_num)

Returns the inverse tangent of the specified x and y co-ordinates. The arctangent is the angle from the x-axis to a line containing the origin (0, 0) and the point (x_num, y_num). The angle is given in radians between -pi and pi, excluding -pi.

ATANH

ATANH(number)

Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number. Number must be strictly between -1 and 1. The inverse hyperbolic tangent is the value whose hyperbolic tangent is number, so ATANH(TANH(number)) equals the given number.

AVEDEV

AVEDEV(number1, number2, ...)

Returns the average of the absolute mean deviations of data points. AVEDEV is a measure of the variability in a data set.

AVERAGE

AVERAGE(number1, number2, ...)

Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments.

AVERAGEA

AVERAGEA(value1, value2,...)

Calculates the average (arithmetic mean) of the values in the list of arguments. In addition to numbers and text  logical values such as True and False are also included in the calculation.

AVG

AVG(number1, number2,...)

Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments.

BINOMDIST

BINOMDIST(number_s, trials, probability_s, cumulative)

Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability.

Base

BASE(number, radix, [min_length])

The BASE function converts a number into a text representation with the given radix (base).

Besseli

BESSELI(X, N)

Returns the modified Bessel function In(X), which is equivalent to the Bessel function evaluated for purely imaginary arguments.

Besselij

BESSELJ( X, N )

Returns the Bessel function Jn(X).

Besselk

BESSELK( X, N )

Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(X), which is equivalent to the Bessel function evaluated for purely imaginary arguments.

BesselY

BESSELY( X, N )

Returns the Bessel function Yn(X).

BETA.DIST

BETA.DIST(x,alpha,beta,cumulative,[A],[B])

Calculates the cumulative beta distribution function or the probability density function of the Beta distribution, for a given set of parameters.

Bigmul

BIGMUL(number1,number2)

Returns the complete product of two numbers

BIN2DEC

BIN2DEC(number)

The BIN2DEC function converts a binary number into a decimal number.

BIN2HEX

BIN2HEX(number places)

The BIN2HEX function converts a binary number into a hexadecimal.

bin2oct

BIN2OCT(num, places)

The BIN2OCT function converts a binary number into an octal number.

Binom.Dist

BINOM.DIST (trial number,sp,value, cumulative)

The Binom.Dist function returns the Binomial Distribution probability for a given number of successes from a specified number of trials.

Binom.inv

BINOM.INV(trial number,sp,value)

The Binom.Inv function returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is greater than or equal to a criterion value.

BINOMdist

BINOMDIST(number_s,trials,probability_s,cumulative)

Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability.

BItand

BITAND(expr1, expr2)

Returns the output as bitwise AND of the inputs, the inputs, and its output are treats as vectors of bits.

Bitlshift

BITLSHIFT(num1,num2)

The BITLSHIFT function returns a number shifted left by specified number of bits.

bitor

BITOR(num1, num2)

The BITOR function returns a bitwise ‘OR’ of two numbers.

bitrshift

BITRSHIFT(num1,num2)

The BITRSHIFT function returns a number shifted right by the specified number of bits.

bitxor

BITXOR(num1, num2)

The BITXOR function returns bitwise XOR of two numbers.

CEILING

CEILING(number, significance)

Returns number rounded up, away from zero, to the nearest multiple of significance. For example, if you want to avoid using pennies in your prices and your product is priced at $4.82, use the formula =CEILING(4.82,0.05) to round prices up to the nearest nickel.

CEILING.math

CEILING.MATH(number, [significance], [mode])

Rounds a number up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.

Char

Char(number)

The Char function returns the character whose number code is defined in the parameter.

CHIDIST

CHIDIST(x, degrees_freedom)

Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. The χ² distribution is associated with a χ² test.Use the χ² test to compare observed and expected values.

CHIINV

CHIINV(probability, degrees_freedom)

Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared (χ2) distribution. If probability = CHIDIST(x,...), then CHIINV(probability,...) = x. Use this function to compare observed results with expected ones in order to decide whether your original hypothesis is valid.

CHIsq.dist

CHISQ.DIST(x,degFreedom,cumulative)

The Chisq.Dist function calculates the Probability Density Function or the Cumulative Distribution Function for the chi-square distribution.

CHIsq.dist.rt

CHISQ.DIST.RT(x,degFreedom)

The Chisq.Dist.Rt function calculates the right-tailed probability of the chi-square distribution.

chisq.inv

CHISQ.INV(probability,degFreedom)

The Chisq.Inv function returns the inverse of the left-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution.

chisq.inv.rt

CHISQ.INV.RT(probability, degFreedom)

The Chisq.Inv.Rt function calculates the inverse of the right-tailed probability of the chi-square distribution.

CHIsq.TEST

CHISQ.TEST(actual_range,expected_range)

Returns the chi-squared statistical test for independence

CHITEST

CHITEST(actual_range, expected_range)

Returns the test for independence. CHITEST returns the value from the chi-squared (c2) distribution for the statistic and the appropriate degrees of freedom.

Clean

CLEAN(Text)

The Clean function is used to remove the non-printable characters from the given text, represented by numbers 0 to 31 of the 7-bit ASCII code.

code

CODE(name)

The Code function converts the first character of a supplied text string into a numeric character set code.

Choose

Choose(index, valuearray)

The Choose function returns the value from a range of values on a specific index.

Column

Column(range)

The Column function returns the column index of the provided column in range.

COMBIN

COMBIN(number, number_chosen)

Returns the number of combinations for a given number of items. Use COMBIN to determine the total possible number of groups for a given number of items.

COMBINa

COMBINA(number1, number2)

For a given number of items, the Combina function returns the number of combinations.

complex

COMPLEX(real_num, i_num, [suffix])

The function COMPLEX converts user-supplied real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number

CONCATENATE

CONCATENATE (text1, text2,...)

Joins several text strings into one text string.

CONFIDENCE

CONFIDENCE(alpha,standard_dev,size)

Returns a value that you can use to construct a confidence interval about a population mean. The confidence interval is a range of values. In your sample, mean x is at the center of this range and the range is x ± CONFIDENCE. For example, if x is the sample mean of delivery times for products ordered through the mail, x ± CONFIDENCE is a range of population means.

CONFIDENCE.norm

CONFIDENCE.NORM(alpha,stdev,size)

The Confidence.Norm function uses Normal Distribution to calculate a confidence value that can be used to construct the confidence interval for a population mean, for a supplied probability, and sample size.

CONFIDENCE.t

CONFIDENCE.T(alpha,standard_dev,size)

Returns the confidence interval for a population mean

convert

CONVERT(number,from_unit,to_unit)

The function CONVERT converts a number from one measurement system to another.

CORREL

CORREL(array1, array2)

Returns the correlation coefficient of the array1 and array2 cell ranges.

COS

COS(number)

Returns the cosine of the given angle.

COSH

COSH(number)

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number.

cot

COT(number)

The Cot function returns the cotangent of an angle specified in radians.

coth

COTH(number)

The COTH function returns the hyperbolic cotangent of a hyperbolic angle.

COUNT

COUNT(value1, value2,...)

Counts the number of items in a list that contains numbers.

COUNTA

COUNTA(value1, value2,...)

Counts the number of cells that are not empty.

COUNTBLANK

COUNTBLANK(range)

Counts empty cells in a specified range of cells.

COUNTIF

COUNTIF(range, criteria)

Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria.

COVAR

COVAR(array1, array2)

Returns covariance, the average of the products of deviations for each data point pair.

COVARiance.p

COVARIANCE.P(array1,array2)

Returns population covariance, the average of the products deviation for each data point pair in two data sets.

COVARIANCE.S

COVARIANCE.S(array1,array2)

Returns the sample covariance, the average of the products deviation for each data point pair in two data sets.

CRITBINOM

CRITBINOM(trials, probability_s, alpha)

Returns the smallest value for which, the cumulative binomial distribution is greater than or equal to a criterion value.

csc

CSC(number)

The CSC function returns the cosecant of an angle specified in radians.

CSCh

CSCH(number)

The CSCH function returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle specified in radians.

Cumipmt

CUMIPMT(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type)

Calculates the cumulative interest paid between two specified periods.

cumprinc

CUMPRINC(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type)

Calculates the cumulative principal paid on a loan, between two specified periods.

DATE

DATE(year, month, day)

Returns the sequential serial number that represents a particular date.

DATEVALUE

DATEVALUE(date_text)

Returns the serial number of the date represented by the date_text.

DAY

DAY(serial_number)

Returns the day of a date, represented by a serial number. The day is given as an integer ranging from 1 to 31.

days

DAYS(endDate, startDate)

The Days function retrieves the number of days between two dates.

DAYS360

DAYS360(start_date, end_date, method)

Returns the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year (twelve 30-day months) which, is used in some accounting calculations.

DB

DB(cost, salvage, life, period, month)

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the fixed-declining balance method.

dcount

DCOUNT(database, field, criteria)

Returns the number of cells containing numbers in a field of a list or database that satisfy specified conditions.

dcounta

DCOUNTA(database, field, criteria)

Returns the number of non-blank cells in a field of a list or database, that satisfy specified conditions.

DDB

DDB(cost, salvage, life, period, factor)

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the double-declining balance method or some other method you specify.

dec2bin

DEC2BIN(num,places)

The DEC2BIN function converts a decimal number into a binary number.

dec2hex

DEC2HEX(number, [places])

The DEC2HEX function converts a a decimal number to hexadecimal

dec2oct

DEC2OCT(num, places)

The DEC2OCT function converts a decimal number into an octal number.

decimal

DECIMAL(text, radix)

A text representation of a number in a given base to be converted into a decimal number.

DEGREES

DEGREES(angle)

Converts radians into degrees.

delta

DELTA(number1, [number2])

The function DELTA tests whether two supplied numbers are equal.

DEVSQ

DEVSQ(number1, number2,...)

Returns the sum of squares of deviations of data points from their sample mean.

dget

DGET(database, field, criteria)

Returns a single value from a field of a list or database, that satisfy specified conditions.

disc

DISC(settlement, maturity, pr, redemption, [basis])

It will calculate the rate of discount for a bond. It helps to know the discount rate when we know the other details about the bond.

divrem

DivRem(int dividend, int divisor)

This method is used to calculate the quotient of two 32-bit signed integers.

dmax

DMAX(database, field, criteria)

Returns the largest number in a field (column) of records in a list or database that matches conditions you that specify.

dmin

DMIN(database, field, criteria)

Returns the smallest number in a field (column) of records in a list or database that matches conditions that you specify.

Dollar

Dollar (number, decimal_places)

The Dollar function converts a number to text, using a currency format.

The format used is $#,##0.00_);($#,##0.00).

dollarde

DOLLARDE(fractional-dollar, fraction)

The DOLLARDE function is one of the financial functions. It is used to convert a dollar price represented as a fraction into a dollar price represented as a decimal number.

dollarfr

DOLLARFR(decimal_dollar, fraction)

DOLLARFR helps in converting a dollar value in decimal notation into a dollar value expressed in fractional notation.

dstdev

DSTDEV(database, field, criteria)

Estimates the standard deviation of a population based on a sample by using the numbers in a field (column) of records in a list or database that match conditions that you specify.

dstdevp

DSTDEVP(database, field, criteria)

Calculates the standard deviation (based on an entire population) of values in a field of a list or database, that satisfy specified conditions

dsum

DSUM(database, field, criteria)

Adds the numbers in the field (column) of records in a list or database that match the conditions you specify

duration

DURATION(settlement, maturity, coupon, yld, frequency, [basis])

The DURATION function, one of the Financial functions, returns the Macauley duration for an assumed par value of $100. Duration is defined as the weighted average of the present value of cash flows, and is used as a measure of a bond price's response to changes in yield.

dvar

DVAR(database, field, criteria)

Calculates the variance (based on a sample of a population) of values in a field of a list or database, that satisfy specified conditions.

DVArp

DVARP(database, field, criteria)

Calculates the variance (based on an entire population) of values in a field of a list or database, that satisfy specified conditions.

Edate

EDATE( startDate, Months )

The EDate function returns a date that is a specified number of months before or after a supplied start date.

encodeurl

ENCODEURL(name)

The EncodeURL function retrieves an URL-encoded string.

eomonth

EOMONTH(startDate, Months)

The EOMONTH function returns the last day of the month that is a specified number of months before or after an initially supplied start date.

erf

ERF(lower_limit,[upper_limit])

The function ERF returns the error function integrated between two supplied limits

ERF.PRECISE

ERF.PRECISE(x)

The function ERF.PRECISE returns the error function integrated between 0 and a supplied limit

ERFC.PRECISE

ERFC.PRECISE(x)

The function ERFC.PRECISE returns the complementary error function integrated between a supplied lower limit and infinity.

error.type

= ERROR.TYPE(value)

Error.Type function returns an integer for the given error value that denotes the type of given error.

EVEN

EVEN(number)

Returns the number rounded up to the nearest even integer.

Exact

Exact(value1, value2)

The Exact function compares two values ignoring the styles and returns the boolean value as true or false.

EXP

EXP(number)

Returns e raised to the power of the given number.

EXPON.DIST

EXPON.DIST(x,y,cumulative)

The Expon.Dist function calculates the value of the probability density function or the cumulative distribution function for the Exponential Distribution.

EXPONDIST

EXPONDIST(x, lambda, cumulative)

Returns the exponential distribution.

f.dist

F.DIST(x,degFreedom1,degFreedom2,cumulative)

The F.Dist function calculates the Probability Density Function or the Cumulative Distribution Function for the F Distribution.

F.DIST.RT

F.DIST.RT(x, degFreedom1, degFreedom2)

The F.Dist.Rt function calculates the F Probability Distribution that measures the degree of diversity between two data sets.

f.inv.rt

F.INV.RT(probability,degFreedom1,degFreedom2)

The F.INV.RT function calculates the inverse of the Cumulative F Distribution for a supplied probability.

FACT

FACT(number)

Returns the factorial of a number. The factorial of a number is the product of all positive integers <= the given number.

Factdouble

FACTDOUBLE (number)

FactDouble function returns the double factorial of a given value. The given value is an integer value.

False

False(stringvalue)

The False function returns the logical value for the false.

FDIST

FDIST(x, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2)

Returns the F probability distribution.

Filterxml

FILTERXML(xml, xpath)

The Filterxml function returns specific data from XML content by using the specified xpath.

Find

Find(lookfor, lookin, start)

The Find finction finds  a portion of a string from a particular text and returns the location of the string.

findb

FINDB(find_text, within_text, [start_num])

FINDB locate one text string within a second text string, and return the number of the starting position of the first text string from the first character of the second text string.

Finv

FINV(probability,deg_freedom1,deg_freedom2)

The Finv function returns the inverse of the F probability distribution. If p = FDIST(x,...), then FINV(p,...) = x.

Using F distribution, you can compare the degree of variability for two data sets.

FISHER

FISHER(x)

Returns the Fisher transformation at x. This transformation produces a function that is normally distributed rather than skewed.

FISHERINV

FISHERINV(y)

Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation. If y = FISHER(x), then FISHERINV(y) = x.

Fixed

Fixed ( number, decimal_places, no_commas )

The Fixed function rounds off to a specified number of decimal places and returns the value in text format.

FLOOR

FLOOR(number, significance)

Rounds off the given number down, toward zero, to the nearest multiple of significance.

FORECAST

FORECAST(x, known_ys, known_xs)

Calculates a future value by using existing values using a linear regression. The predicted value is a y-value for a given x-value.

formulatext

FORMULATEXT (reference)

FormulaText function returns the formula as a string.

FV

FV( interest_rate, number_payments, payment, PV, Type )

The FV function returns the future value of an investment, based on an interest rate and a constant payment schedule.

fvschedule

FVSCHEDULE(principal, schedule)

Calculates the future value of an initial principal, after applying a series of compound interest rates.

GAMMA.DIST

GAMMA.DIST(x,alpha,beta,cumulative)

Returns the gamma distribution

Gamma.inv

GAMMA.INV(x,y,z,cumulative)

The Gamma.Inv function returns the inverse of the Gamma Distribution.

GAMMADIST

GAMMADIST(x, alpha,beta, cumulative)

Returns the gamma distribution.

Gammainv

Gammainv(p, alpha, beta)

The Gammainv function returns the inverse function for the GAMMADIST function.

GAMMAINV

GAMMAINV(probability, alpha, beta)

Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution. If p = GAMMADIST(x,...), then GAMMAINV(p,...) = x.

gammaln

GAMMALN(x)

Calculates the natural logarithm of the gamma function for a supplied value.

gammaln.precise

GAMMALN.PRECISE(x)

The Gammaln.Precise function returns the natural logarithm of the Gamma Distribution.

gcd

GCD(number1, [number2], …)

The GCD function returns the greatest common divisor of two or more integers. The greatest common divisor is the largest integer that goes into all given numbers without a remainder.

GEOMEAN

GEOMEAN(number1, number2,...)

Returns the geometric mean of an array or range of positive data.

gestep

GESTEP(number, [step])

The function GESTEP tests whether a number is greater than a supplied threshold value.

GROWTH

=GROWTH(known_y's, [known_x's], [new_x's],

This feature enables you to calculate predicted exponential growth using existing data.  This calculates and returns an array of values used for the regression analysis. Growth enables you to perform a regression analysis.

HARMEAN

HARMEAN(number1, number2,...)

Returns the harmonic mean of a data set. The harmonic mean is the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean of reciprocals.

hex2bin

HEX2BIN(num, places)

The HEX2BIN function converts a hexadecimal number into a binary number.

hex2dec

HEX2DEC(number)

The HEX2DEC function Converts a hexadecimal number to a decimal.

hex2oct

HEX2OCT(num, places)

The HEX2OCT function converts a hexadecimal number into an octal number.

HLOOKUP

HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, range_lookup)

Searches for a value in the top row of the array of values and then returns a value in the same column from a row you specify in the array. Use HLOOKUP when your comparison values are located in a row across the top of a table of data and you want to look down a specified number of rows. Use VLOOKUP when your comparison values are located in a column to the left of the data you want to find.

HOUR

HOUR(serial_number)

Returns the hour of a time value. The hour is given as an integer, ranging from 0 (12:00 A.M.) to 23 (11:00 P.M.).

hyperlink

HYPERLINK(linkLocation, friendlyName)

The Hyperlink function creates a hyperlink to a document in a supplied location.

Hypgeom.dist

HYPGEOM.DIST(sample_s,number_sample,population_s,number_pop,cumulative)

Returns the hypergeometric distribution.

Hypgeomdist

Hypgeomdist(sample, numberofsample, population, numberofpopulation)

The Hypgeomdist function returns the hypergeometric distribution.

HYPEGEOMDIST

HYPGEOM.DIST(sample_s,number_sample,population_s,number_pop,cumulative)

Returns the hypergeometric distribution. HYPGEOMDIST returns the probability of a given number of sample successes, given the sample size, population successes and population size.

IF

IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)

Returns one value if a condition you specify evaluates to True and another value if it evaluates to False.

Use IF to conduct conditional tests on values and formulas.

iferror

IFERROR (value, value_error)

IfError function tests when an initial given value (or expression) returns an error, and then, this function returns a second given argument. Otherwise, the function returns the initial tested value.

ifna

IFNA (Formula_value, value_if_na)

IFNA function returns the value specified when the formula returns the #N/A error value; otherwise, it returns the result of the given formula.

imabs

IMABS(inumber)

The IMABS function returns the absolute value (the modulus) of a complex number.

IMAGINARY

IMAGINARY(inumber)

The IMAGINARY function returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number.

imargument

imconjugate

IMCONJUGATE(inumber)

The function IMCONJUGATE returns the complex conjugate of a complex number.

IMCOS

IMCOS(inumber)

The function IMCOS returns the cosine of a complex number

IMCOSH

IMCOSH(inumber)

The function IMCOSH returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number.

IMCOT

IMCOT(inumber)_

The function IMCOT returns the cotangent of a complex number.

IMCOTH

IMCOTH(number)

The IMCOTH function returns the hyperbolic cotangent of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x+yi" returns "coth(x+yi)."

imcsc

IMCSC(inumber)

The function IMCSC returns the cosecant of a complex number

IMCSCH

IMCSCH(inumber)

The function IMCSCH returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number.

IMDIV

IMDIV(inumber1, inumber2)

The function IMDIV returns the quotient of two supplied complex numbers.

IMEXP

IMEXP(inumber)

The function IMEXP returns the exponential of a complex number.

imln

IMLN(inumber)

The function IMLN returns the natural logarithm of a complex number.

IMLOG10

IMLOG10(inumber)

The function IMLOG10 returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number.

IMLOG2

IMLOG2(inumber)

The function IMLOG2 returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number.

IMPOWER

IMPOWER(inumber, number)

The function IMPOWER calculates a complex number raised to a supplied power.

IMPRODUCT

IMPRODUCT(inumber1, [inumber2], …)

The function IMPRODUCT returns the product of up to 255 supplied complex numbers.

IMREAL

IMREAL(inumber)

The function IMREAL function returns the real coefficient of a complex number.

IMSEC

IMSEC(inumber)

The function IMSEC returns the secant of a complex number.

IMSECH

IMSECH(inumber)

The function IMSECH returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number.

IMSIN

IMSIN(inumber)

The function IMSIN returns the sine of a complex number.

IMSINH

IMSINH(inumber)

The function IMSINH returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number.

IMSQRT

IMSQRT(inumber)

The function IMSQRT returns the square root of a complex number.

IMSUB

IMSUB(inumber1, inumber2)

The function IMSUB subtracts two complex numbers

IMSUM

IMSUM(inumber1, [inumber2], …)

The function IMSUM calculates the sum of two complex numbers

imtan

IMTAN(inumber)

The function IMTAN returns the tangent of a complex number.

IMTANH

IMTANH(number)

The IMTANH function returns the hyperbolic tangent of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x+yi" returns "tanh(x+yi)."

Index

Index(range,row,col)

The Index function returns the exact value from the provided row index and column index from a specific range.

Indirect

Indirect(content)

The Indirect function returns the reference as a string instead of providing the content or range within it.

info

INFO(infoType)

The Info function returns a text string containing information about the current operating environment.

INT

INT(number)

Rounds a number down to the nearest integer.

INTERCEPT

INTERCEPT(known_y's, known_x's)

Calculates the point at which, the least squares fit line will intersect the y-axis.

IPMT

IPMT(rate, per, nper, pv, fv, type)

Returns the interest payment for a given period for an investment based on periodic, constant payments and a constant interest rate.

IRR

IRR(values, guess)

Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows represented by the numbers in values. The cash flows must occur at regular intervals such as monthly or annually.

IsBlank

IsBlank( value )

The IsBlank function checks for blank or null values.

IsErr

IsErr( value )

value is the value that you want to test. If the value is an error value (except #N/A), this function will return TRUE/FALSE to indicate whether a value is an error.

ISERROR

ISERROR(value)

Returns True if the value is a string that starts with a #.

iseven

ISEVEN (value)

The ISEVEN function returns TRUE if given number is an even number and returns FALSE if the given number is an odd number.

isformula

ISFORMULA (reference)

The IsFormula function returns true or false when there is a reference to a cell that contains a formula.

IsLogical

IsLogical( value )

The IsLogiacl function checks whether a value is a logical value and returns a  TRUE or FALSE.

IsNA

IsNA(value)

The IsNA function returns a boolean value after determining that the provided value is a  #NA error value.

IsNonText

IsNonText(text)

The IsNonText function returns the boolean value after determining that the provided value is not a string.

ISNUMBER

ISNUMBER(value)

Returns True if the value parses as a numeric value.

isodd

ISFORMULA (reference)

IsOdd function returns true when the given number is an odd number and returns false when the given number is even.

isoweeknum

ISOWEEKNUM( DateTime)

For a given date, the ISOWeekNum function returns the ISO week number of that year.

ISPMT

ISPMT(rate, per, nper, pv)

Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment.

isref

ISREF(given_value)

The ISREF function returns the logical value TRUE if the given value is a reference value; otherwise, the function returns FALSE.

IsText

IsText(text)

The IsText function returns a boolean value after determining that the provided value is a string.

jis

JIS(text)

The JIS function converts single byte characters into double byte characters in a text string.

KURT

KURT(number1, number2, ...)

Returns the kurtosis of a data set. Kurtosis characterizes the relative peakedness or flatness of a distribution compared with the normal distribution. Positive kurtosis indicates a relatively peaked distribution. Negative kurtosis indicates a relatively flat distribution.

LARGE

LARGE(array, k)

Returns the k-th largest value in a data set.

lcm

LCM(number1, [number2], …)

THe LCM function returns the least common multiple of integers. The least common multiple is the smallest positive integer that is a multiple of all given numbers.

LEFT

LEFT(text, num_chars)

LEFT returns the first character or characters in a text string, based on the number of characters you specify.

leftb

LEFTB(text, bytes)

The LEFTB function calculates the first character or characters in a text string, based on the number of bytes you specify.

LN

LN(number)

Returns the natural logarithm of a number. Natural logarithms are based on the constant e (2.718281828459...).     

LEN

Len(text)

LEN returns the length of a text string, including spaces.

LenB

LENB(name)

The LENB function returns the number of bytes used to represent the characters in a text string.

LOG

LOG(number, base)

Returns the logarithm of a number to the base that you specify.

LOG10

LOG10(number)

Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number.

LOGEST

=LOGEST(known_y's, [known_x's], [const], [stats])

This feature enables you to calculate predicted exponential growth using existing data.  This calculates and returns an array of values used for the regression analysis. Logest calculates and returns an array of values that is used in regression analysis.

LOGINV

LOGINV(probability, mean, standard_dev)

Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution function of x, where ln(x) is normally distributed with parameters mean and standard_dev. If p = LOGNORMDIST(x,...), then LOGINV(p,...) = x.

LOGNORM.DIST

LOGNORM.DIST(x,mean,stdev,cumulative)

The Lognorm.Dist function calculates the Log-Normal Probability Density Function or the Cumulative Log-Normal Distribution Function for a supplied value of x.

LOGNORM.inv

LOGNORM.INV(probability, mean, stdev)

The Lognorm.Inv function calculates the inverse of the Cumulative Log-Normal Distribution Function of x for a supplied probability.

LOGNORMDIST

LOGNORMDIST(x, mean, standard_dev)

Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution of x, where ln(x) is normally distributed with parameters mean and standard_dev.

Lower

Lower( text )

The Lower function converts all characters in the specified text string to lowercase. Characters in the string that are not letters, are not changed.

Match

Match( value, array, match_type )

The Match function searches for a specified value in an array and returns the relative position of that item.

MAX

MAX(number1, number2, ...)

Returns the largest value in a set of values.

MAXA

MAXA(value1, value2, ...)

Returns the largest value in a list of arguments. Text and logical values such as True and False are compared as well as numbers.

MEDIAN

MEDIAN(number1, number2, ...)

Returns the median of the given numbers. The median is the number in the middle of a set of numbers; that is, half the numbers have values that are greater than the median and half have values that are less.

MID

MID(text, start_position, num_chars)

MID returns a text segment of a character string. The parameters specify the starting position and the number of characters.

midb

MIDB(text, startNum, numBytes)

The MIDB function returns a specific number of characters from a text string, starting at the position you specify, based on the number of bytes you specify.

MIN

MIN(number1, number2, ...)

Returns the smallest number in a set of values.

MINA

MINA(value1, value2, ...)

Returns the smallest value in the list of arguments. Text and logical values such as True and False are compared as well as numbers.

MINUTE

MINUTE(serial_number)

Returns the minutes of a time value. The minute is given as an integer, ranging from 0 to 59.

MIRR

MIRR(values, finance_rate, reinvest_rate)

Returns the modified internal rate of return for a series of periodic cash flows.

MOD

MOD(number, divisor)

Returns the remainder after the number is divided by a divisor. The result has the same sign as the divisor.

MODE

MODE(number1, number2, ...)

Returns the most frequently occurring or repetitive, value in an array or range of data.

MONTH

MONTH(serial_number)

Returns the month of a date represented by a serial number. The month is given as an integer, ranging from 1 (January) to 12 (December).

mround

MROUND(number, multiple)

THe MROUND function rounds a number up or down, depending on the nearest multiple of given number.

multinomial

MULTINOMIAL(number1, [number2], …)

THe MULTINOMIAL function calculates the ratio of the factorial of a sum of values to the product of factorials of those values.

n

N (value)

The N function converts the given value into a numeric value.

na

NA()

The NA function returns the #N/A error. This error message is produced when a formula is unable to find a value that it needs. This error message denotes ‘value not available’.

NEGBINOM.DIST

NEGBINOM.DIST(F_number,S_number,S_probability,cumulative)

The Negbinom.Dist function calculates the probability mass function or the cumulative distribution function for the Negative Binomial Distribution.

NETWORKDAYS.INTL

NETWORKDAYS.INTL(startDate, endDate)

NETWORKDAYS.INTL calculates the number of whole work days between two supplied dates.

NEGBINOMDIST

NEGBINOMDIST(number_f, number_s, probability_s)

Returns the negative binomial distribution. NEGBINOMDIST returns the probability that there will be number_f failures before the number_s-th success, when the constant probability of a success is probability_s.

Norm.dist

NORM.DIST(x,mean,stdev,cumulative)

The NORM.DIST function calculates the normal distribution for a supplied value of x, and a supplied distribution mean & standard deviation.

norm.inv

NORM.INV(probability,mean,standard_dev)

Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution

NORM.S.DIST

NORM.S.DIST(val, cumulative)

The Norm.S.Dist function returns the standard normal distribution.

NORM.S.INV

NORM.S.INV(probability)

The Norm.S.Inv function returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution.

NORMDIST

NORMDIST(x, mean, standard_dev, cumulative)

Returns the normal distribution for the specified mean and standard deviation.

NORMINV

NORMINV(probability, mean, standard_dev)

Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution for the specified mean and standard deviation.

NormsDist

NormsDist(value)

The NormsDist function returns the probability that the observed value of a standard normal random variable will be less than or equal to the parameter.

NormsInv

NormsInv(value)

The NormsInv function returns the standard normal random variable that has Mean 0 and Standard Deviation 1

NOT

NOT(logical)

Reverses the value of its argument.

NOW

NOW( )

Returns the serial number of the current date and time.

NPER

NPER(rate, pmt, pv, fv, type)

Returns the number of periods for an investment based on periodic, constant payments and a constant interest rate.

NPV

NPV(rate, value1, value2, ...)

Calculates the net present value of an investment by using a discount rate and a series of future payments (negative values) and income (positive values).

numbervalue

NUMBERVALUE(text)

The NumberValue function converts text to a number in a locale-independent way.

oct2bin

OCT2BIN(number, [places])

The OCT2BIN function Converts octal number to binary.

oct2dec

OCT2DEC(number)

The OCT2DEC function Converts octal number to a decimal.

OCT2HEX

OCT2HEX(number, [places])

The OCT2HEX function Converts octal number to hexadecimal.

ODD

ODD(number)

Returns the number rounded up to the nearest odd integer.

Offset

Offset( range, rows, columns, height, width )

The Offset function returns a reference to a range that is offset a number of rows and columns from any given range or cell.

OR

OR(logical1, logical2, ...)

Returns True if any argument is True; returns False if all arguments are False.

PEARSON

PEARSON(array1, array2)

Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, r, a dimensionless index that ranges from -1.0 to 1.0 inclusive and reflects the extent of a linear relationship between two data sets.

PERCENTILE

PERCENTILE(array, k)

Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range.

PERCENTILE.exc

PERCENTILE.EXC(array, k)

The Percentile.Exc function returns the k-th percentile of values in a range, where k is in the range of 0 to 1 exclusively.

PERCENTILE.inc

PERCENTILE.INC (array,k)

The Percentile.Inc function returns the k-th percentile of values in a range, where k is in the range 0 to 1.

PERCENTRANK

PERCENTRANK(array, x, significance)

Returns the rank of a value in a data set as a percentage of the data set.

PERCENTRANK.exc

PERCENTRANK.EXC(array,x,[significance])

Returns the rank of value in dataset as a percentage of the data set as percentage (0….1, exclusive) of the dataset

PERCENTRANK.inc

PERCENTRANK.INC(array,x,[significance])

Returns the rank of value in dataset as a percentage of the data set as percentage (0….1, inclusive) of the dataset

Permut

Permut(n, k)

The Permut function returns the number of permutations of n items taken at k time.

permutationa

PERMUTATIONA(number, number-chosen)

The PermutationA function returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects (with repetitions) that can be selected from the total number of objects.

PI

PI( )

Returns the number 3.14159265358979, the mathematical constant pi, accurate to 15 digits.

PMT

PMT(rate, nper, pv, fv, type)

Calculates the payment for a loan based on constant payments and a constant interest rate.

POISSON

POISSON(x, mean, cumulative)

Returns the Poisson distribution.

POISSON.dist

POISSON.DIST(x,mean,cumulative)

The Poisson.Dist function calculates the Poisson Probability Mass Function or the Cumulative Poisson Probability Function for a supplied set of parameters.

Pow

POW(number, power) 

The Pow function returns the result of a number raised to a power.

POWER

POWER(number, power)

Returns the result of a number raised to a power.

PPMT

PPMT(rate, per, nper, pv, fv, type)

Returns the payment on the principal for a given period, for an investment based on periodic, constant payments and a constant interest rate.

PROB

PROB(x_range, prob_range, lower_limit, upper_limit)

Returns the probability whose values are in a range that is between two limits. If upper_limit is not supplied, returns the probability that values in x_range are equal to lower_limit.

PRODUCT

PRODUCT(number1, number2, ...)

Multiplies all the numbers given as arguments and returns the product.

proper

PROPER(text)

The Proper function changes the first letter of text into a capital letter and following letters changes to lowercases.

PV

PV(rate, nper, pmt, fv, type)

Returns the present value of an investment. The present value is the total amount that a series of future payments is worth now.

QUARTILE

QUARTILE(array, quart)

Returns the quartile of a data set.

quotient

QUOTIENT(numerator, denominator)

THe QUOTIENT function calculates the integer portion of a division. This function is used to discard the remainder of a division.

RADIANS

RADIANS(angle)

Converts degrees to radians.

RAND

RAND( )

Returns an evenly distributed random number greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1.

Randbetween

RANDBETWEEN(bottom, top)

THe RANDBETWEEN function returns a random integer number between given numbers. A new random integer number is returned each time when worksheet is recalculated.

RANK

RANK(number, ref, order)

Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers. The rank of a number is its size relative to other values in a list. (If you were to sort the list, the rank of the number would be its position.)

RATE

RATE(nper, pmt, pv, fv, type, guess)

Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity. RATE is calculated by iteration and may not converge to a unique solution.

received

RECEIVED(settlement, maturity, investment, discount, [basis])

Calculates the amount received at maturity for a fully invested Security

REPLACE

REPLACE(oldText, startNum, numChars, newText)

The Replace function replaces a certain part of text with a different part of text based on the number of characters given.

REPLACeb

REPLACEB(old_text, start_num, num_bytes, new_text)

REPLACEB replaces part of a text string, based on the number of bytes you specify, with a different text string.

rept

REPT(string, number)

The Rept function returns a supplied text string, repeated a specified number of times.

RIGHT

RIGHT(text, num_chars)

RIGHT returns the last character or characters in a text string, based on the number of characters you specify.

RIGHTb

RIGHTB(string, num_bytes)

The RIGHTB function returns the last character or characters in a text string, based on the number of bytes.

roman

ROMAN(number, [form])

THe ROMAN function converts an Arabic numeral to roman numeral as text.

ROUND

ROUND(number, num_digits)

Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.

ROUNDDOWN

ROUNDDOWN(number, num_digits)

Rounds a number down towards zero.

ROUNDUP

ROUNDUP(number, num_digits)

Rounds a number up away from 0 (zero).

rri

RRI(nper, pv, fv)

Calculates an equivalent interest rate for the growth of an investment

RSQ

RSQ(known_y's, known_x's)

Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient through data points in known_y's and known_x's.

search

SEARCH(findText,withinText, startNum)_

The Search function finds one text string (find_text) within another text string (within_text), and returns the number of the starting position of find_text.

searchb

SEARCHB(findText,withinText, startNum)_

The SEARCHB function returns the position of a specified character or sub-string within a given text string.

sec

SEC(number)

The Sec function returns the secant of an angle.

sech

SECH(number)

The SECH function returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle.

SECOND

SECOND(serial_number)

Returns the seconds of a time value. The second is given as an integer in the range 0 (zero) to 59.

seriessum

SERIESSUM(x, n, m, coefficients)

Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula:

SERIESSUM(x, n, m, a) = a1*x^n + a2*x^(n+m)+ai*x^(n+(i-1)*m)

SIGN

SIGN(number)

Determines the sign of a number. Returns 1 if the number is positive, zero (0) if the number is 0 and -1 if the number is negative.

SIN

SIN(number)

Returns the sine of the given angle.

SinH

SinH(value)

The SinH function computes the hyperbolic sine of the argument.

SKEW

SKEW(number1, number2, ...)

Returns the skewness of a distribution. Skewness characterizes the degree of asymmetry of a distribution around its mean.

skew.p

SKEW.P(number 1, [number 2],…)

Returns the skewness of a distribution

SLN

SLN(cost, salvage, life)

Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period.

SLOPE

SLOPE(known_y's, known_x's)

Returns the slope of the linear regression line through data points in known_y's and known_x's. The slope is the rate of change along the regression line.

SMALL

SMALL(array, k)

Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set.

SQRT

SQRT(number)

Returns a positive square root.

sqrtpi

SQRTPI(number)

THe SQRTPI function returns the square root of a given number multiplied by the mathematical constant, π.

STANDARDIZE

STANDARDIZE(x, mean, standard_dev)

Returns a normalized value from a distribution characterized by mean and standard_dev.

STDEV

STDEV(number1, number2, ...)

Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample. The standard deviation is a measure of how widely values are dispersed from the average value (the mean).

STDEV.p

STDEV.P(number1,[number2],…])

The STDEV.P function calculates the standard deviation of a supplied set of values.

stdev.s

STDEV.s(number1,[number2],…])

The STDEV.S function calculates the sample standard deviation of a supplied set of values.

STDEVA

STDEVA(value1, value2 , ...)

Estimates standard deviation based on a sample. The standard deviation is a measure of how widely values are dispersed from the average value (the mean). Text and logical values such as True and False are also included in the calculation.

STDEVP

STDEVP(number1, number2, ...)

Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population given as arguments.

STDEVPA

STDEVPA(value1, value2, ...)

Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population given as arguments, including text and logical values.

STEYX

STEYX(known_y's, known_x's)

Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression.

SUBSTITUTE

SUBSTITUTE(text, old_text, new_text, instance_num)

Substitutes new_text for old_text in a text string. Use SUBSTITUTE when you want to replace specific text in a text string; use REPLACE when you want to replace any text that occurs in a specific location in a text string.

subtotal

SUBTOTAL (function_Number, ref1, (ref2)…)

Subtotal function returns a subtotal in a list. Once the subtotal list is created, you can modify it by editing the Subtotal function.

Sum

Sum( number1, number2, ... number_n )

The Sum function adds all numbers in a range of cells and returns the result.

SumIf

SumIf( range, criteria, sum_range )

SumIf function adds the specified range of cells by a given criteria.

SUMPRODUCT

SUMPRODUCT(array1, array2, array3, ...)

Multiplies corresponding components in the given arrays and returns the sum of those products.

SUMSQ

SUMSQ(number1, number2, ...)

Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments.

SumXmY2

SumXmY2( array1, array2 )

The SumXmY2 function calculates the sum of the squares of the differences between the corresponding items in the arrays and returns the sum as results.

SUMX2MY2

SUMX2MY2(array_x, array_y)

Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays.

SUMX2PY2

SUMX2PY2(array_x, array_y)

Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays. The sum of the sum of squares is a common term in many statistical calculations.

SYD

SYD(cost, salvage, life, per)

Returns the sum-of-years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period.

t

T( value )

The T function tests whether the given value is a text or not. When the given value is a text, then it returns the given text. Otherwise, the function returns as an empty text string.

t.dist

T.DIST(x,deg_freedom,tails)

The T.Dist returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution where a numeric value (x) is a calculated value of t for which the Percentage Points are to be computed.

t.inv

T.INV(probability,deg_freedom)

The T.INV returns the left-tailed inverse of the Student’s t-distribution.

TAN

TAN(number)

Returns the tangent of a number.

TANH

TANH(number)

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number.

TEXT

TEXT(value, format_text)

Converts a value to text in a specific number format.

TIME

TIME(hour, minute, second)

Returns the decimal number for a particular time.

The decimal number returned by TIME is a value ranging from 0 (zero) to 0.99999999, representing the times from 0:00:00 (12:00:00 A.M.) to 23:59:59 (11:59:59 P.M.).

TIMEVALUE

TIMEVALUE(time_text)

Returns the decimal number of the time represented by a text string. The decimal number is a value ranging from 0 (zero) to 0.99999999, representing the times from 0:00:00 (12:00:00 A.M.) to 23:59:59 (11:59:59 P.M.).

TODAY

TODAY( )

Returns the serial number of the current date. The serial number is the number of days since Jan 1, 1900.

Trim

Trim( text )

The Trim function returns a text value with the leading and trailing spaces removed.

TRIMMEAN

TRIMMEAN(array, percent)

Returns the mean of the interior of a data set. TRIMMEAN calculates the mean taken by excluding a percentage of data points from the top and bottom tails of a data set.

True

True(stringvalue)

The True function returns the logical value for  True.

TRUNC

TRUNC(number, num_digits)

Truncates a number to an integer by removing the fractional part of the number.

Type

TYPE( value )

The TYPE function receives a value and returns an integer that represents the supplied value’s data type.

unchar

UNICHAR(num)

The Unichar function retrieves the Unicode character for a given numeric value.

unicode

UNICODE(text)

The UNICODE function calculates the number corresponding to the first character of the text.

Upper

Upper( text )

The Upper function converts all characters in a text string to uppercase.

Value

Value(range)

The Value function computes the date or a string that contains the number, and converts it into number format.

Var

Var( number1, number2, ... number_n )

The Var function returns the variance of a population based on sample of numbers.

VarA

VarA( value1, value2, ... value_n )

The VarA function returns the variance of a population based on a sample of numbers, text, and logical values (ie: TRUE or FALSE).

VarP

VarP(listofvalues)

The VarP function returns population variance of the listed values.

VARPA

VARPA(value1, value2, ...)

Calculates variance based on the entire population. In addition to numbers and text, logical values such as True and False are also included in the calculation.

VDB

VDB(cost, salvage, life, start_period, end_period, factor, no_switch)

Returns the depreciation of an asset for any period you specify, including partial periods, using the double-declining balance method or some other method you specify. VDB stands for variable declining balance.

VLOOKUP

VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, range_lookup)

Searches for a value in the left most column of a table and then returns a value in the same row from a column you specify in the table. Use VLOOKUP instead of HLOOKUP when your comparison values are located in a column to the left of the data you want to find.

webservice

WEBSERVICE(url)

The Webservice function returns data from a web service on the Internet or Intranet.

WEEKDAY

WEEKDAY(serial_number,return_type)

Returns the day of the week corresponding to a date. The day is given as an integer, ranging from 1 (Sunday) to 7 (Saturday) by default.

Weeknum

WEEKNUM( serialNum, [returnType] )

For a supplied a date, the WEEKNUM function returns an integer representing the week number (from 1 to 53) of the year.

Weibull

WEIBULL(x,alpha,beta,cumulative)

The Weibull function  returns the Weibull distribution. This distribution is used in reliability analysis, such as calculating a device's mean time to failure.

Weibull.dist

WEIBULL.DIST(x,alpha,beta,cumulative)

The Weibull.Dist function returns the Weibull Distribution.

workday

WORKDAY(startDate, Days, [holidays])

The Workday function returns a date that is a supplied number of working days (excluding weekends and holidays) ahead of a given start date.

workday.intl

WORKDAY.INTL (startDate, days, [weekend], [holidays])

The WORKDAY.INTL function returns a date that is a supplied number of working days (excluding weekends and holidays) ahead of a given start date.

Xirr

Xirr(cashflow, datelist, value)

The Xirr function computes the internal rate of return for a schedule of possibly non-periodic cash flows.

xor

XOR (logical_value1, logical_value2…)

XOR function returns the exclusive OR for the given arguments.

YEAR

YEAR(serial_number)

Returns the year corresponding to a date. The year is returned as an integer in the range 1900-9999.

yearfrac

YEARFRAC(start_date, end_date, [basis])

YEARFRAC calculates the fraction of the year represented by the number of whole days between two dates (the start_date and the end_date). For instance, you can use YEARFRAC to identify the proportion of a whole year's benefits, or obligations to assign to a specific term.

Z.TEST

Z.TEST(array,x,[sigma])

Returns the one-tailed P-value of a z-test.

For a given hypothesized population mean, x, Z.TEST returns the probability that the sample mean would be greater than the average of observations in the data set (array) — that is, the observed sample mean.

To see how Z.TEST can be used in a formula to compute a two-tailed probability value, see the Remarks section below.

ZTEST

ZTEST(array, u0, sigma)

Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test.